T A B L E   O F    C O N T E N T S

Frontispiece 4
Title Page 5
Preface 7
Table of Contents (graphic) 9
List of Illustrations (graphic) HTML below 13

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Chapter I

Introductory. The Spirit of Decorating. History of Ornamental Ironwork. Beauty, Strength and Pliability Combined. Correct Principles in Designing. Mere Ornament not Decoration. Decorative Value of Curves and Lines. The
Inspiration of Art and Nature 17


Chapter II

Equipment. The Forge. Fuel. The Fire. Heating. Materials Used in Forging: Wrought Iron. Mild Steel. Tool Steel. Tools and How to Make
Them. Hammers and the Anvil. How to Draw the Iron 24


Chapter III

Working at the Forge. Various Processes Described. Upsetting.
Ramming. Punching. Bending. Solid Forgings. Shrinking Bands 41


Chapter IV

Various Forms of Welding. Scarf Welding. Lap Welding. T Welding with
Round Iron. T, Corner and Cross Welding with Flat or Square Stock 51


Chapter V

Welding (Concluded). Jump Welding. Butt Welding. Welding Rings.
Chains. Brazing 64


Chapter VI

Twisting, etc. Various Forms of Twist. Spirals. The Bulb. Balls and Cubes.
Banding. Riveting 77


Chapter VII

Scrollwork. Various Methods of Shaping and Working Scrolls. How the
Drawings are Made. Grilles. Welded Scrollwork 108


Chapter VIII

Box Forging. Two Methods Explained. Various Styles of Bases
Illustrated 125


Chapter IX

Embossing. Forms in Relief. Leaf and Other Ornamental Forms. Special Tools. Rosettes, Bulbs, etc. Examples of Modeling. The Acanthus-Leaf Design. Raised Forms. How Ornamental Ironwork Should be Finished
134


Chapter X

Drawer-Pulls and Hinges. Simple and Ornate Window Fasteners. Examples Illustrated. Scalloping. Door-Keeps, and Other Keeps and Hinges
159


Chapter XI

Doorplates. Drawing and Dimensions. How to Make the Patterns.
Practical Examples 171


Chapter XII

Iron Lamps. Plates Showing Entire Method of Construction from Drawing
the Pattern to the Final Fitting. Various Forms Illustrated 179


Alphabetical Index 193


List of Illustrations - 123

Figure
Description
Page
Fig. 0. Frontispiece - Hand Wrought Andirons 4
Fig. 1. Grille 20
Fig. 2. Curve Combinations 21
Fig. 3. Laying out a Design 22
Fig. 4. Various Forms of Tongs 29
Fig. 5. Method of Forging Tongs 31
Fig. 6. Jaw with Fuller Mark 32
Fig. 7. Making a Rivet for the Tongs 33
Fig. 8. Binding the Tongs with a Ring 33
Fig. 9. Anvil Tools I 36
Fig. 10. Anvil Tools II 37
Fig. 11. The Wrong Way to Draw a Piece of Iron 39
Fig. 12. The Right Way 39
Fig. 13. One Method of Upsetting 41
Fig. 14. Another Method of Upsetting 42
Fig. 15. Upsetting by Ramming 43
Fig. 16. Punching 44
Fig. 17. Completing the Punch Hole 44
Fig. 18. Punch Block 45
Fig. 19. Working a Square Corner 46
Fig. 20. Solid Forgings 48
Fig. 21. Traveler or Tire Measuring Wheel 49
Fig. 22. Scarfing 53
Fig. 23. Hammering the Steps 54
Fig. 24. Drawing to a Point 54
Fig. 25. Laying Heated Ends Together 54
Fig. 26. Splitting the End 55
Fig. 27. Forming Scarfs to Fit Bar 56
Fig. 28. Welding 58
Fig. 29. Scarfs around small bars 59
Fig. 30. The Welded Joint 60
Fig. 31. Scarfing 61
Fig. 32. The Scarfs Lapped 61
Fig. 33. Scarfs on Corners 62
Fig. 34. Lapping Corner Scarfs 63
Fig. 35. Stock for a Jump Weld 64
Fig. 36. Making a Jump Weld 65
Fig. 37. Stock Prepared for a T Jump Weld 66
Fig. 38. Butt Welding 67
Fig. 39 Welding Flat Rings 68
Fig. 40. Ordinary Ring Welding 70
Fig. 41. Welded Eye from Flat Stock 71
Fig. 42. First Steps in Making an Eye Weld 72
Fig. 43. Fitting the Prongs in the Eye Weld 73
Fig. 44. Twisting a Bar 77
Fig. 45. Various Forms of Twisted Bars 79
Fig. 46. Section of a Twisted Bar, and Tools Used in Swaging 81
Fig. 47. Fireside Implements Made of Square Stock 83
Fig. 48. Twisting Flat Bars 85
Fig. 49. Mesh of Twisted Flat Bars 87
Fig. 50. Scroll and Twist Grille 87
Fig. 51. A Braided Handle 89
Fig. 52. Spindle-Shaped Spirals 91
Fig. 53. Method of Forming Spirals 93
Fig. 54. A Twisted Bulb 94
Fig. 55. Method of Forging the bulb 95
Fig. 56. Bulb made of Square Rods 97
Fig. 57. Bulb in Center of Bar 98
Fig. 58. Square and Round Collars 99
Fig. 59. Working Up a Ball 102
Fig. 60. Hat and Coat Rack 103
Fig. 61. Bending Flat Bars 104
Fig. 62. Tools Used in Riveting 105
Fig. 63. Methods of Riveting 106
Fig. 64. Riveted Scrollwork 108
Fig. 65. Forming a Scroll 109
Fig. 66. Perfecting a Scroll 110
Fig. 67. Former for Scroll Bending (scroll jig) 111
Fig. 68. Forming the Body of a Scroll 112
Fig. 69. Rectifying a Scroll 113
Fig. 70. Grille of Flat Scrollwork 115
Fig. 71. Another Grille of Flat Scrollwork 115
Fig. 72. Design of Grille Corner to be Made of Flat Stock 117
Fig. 73. Ornamental Forms Based on the Circle 119
Fig. 74. Scroll Ends 121
Fig. 75. Method of Riveting Scrollwork 122
Fig. 76. Method of Welding Scrollwork 123
Fig. 77. Flat Stock Welded and Formed into Scroll Shape 124
Fig. 78. Candelabrum with Box Base 126
Fig. 79. Method of Forming a Base 127
Fig. 80. Bases for Andiron and for Candlestick 128
Fig. 81. Method of Making Base for Candlestick 129
Fig. 82. Two-Light Candlestick 132
Fig. 83. Block Used in Embossing 134
Fig. 84. Modeling-Hammers 135
Fig. 85. Design for a Modeled Rosette 136
Fig. 86. Sinking-Tool 138
Fig. 87. Top Toll 138
Fig. 88. Modeling a Bulb 139
Fig. 89. Essentials of an Acanthus Leaf 141
Fig. 90. The Acanthus Leaf as Modeled, and also as it Appears in the Pattern 142
Fig. 91. Modeled Leaf 143
Fig. 92. Pattern for Leaf 144
Fig. 93. Truing Tool 144
Fig. 94. Acanthus Leaves Welded in Position 147
Fig. 95. Frame for Teakettle and Burner 147
Fig. 96. Border for Marble Table-Top 149
Fig. 97. Leaves and Rosette 151
Fig. 98. Three Forms of Rosette 151
Fig. 99. Cast-iron Block Used in Making Raised Forms 153
Fig. 100. Hammer Used in Raising Forms 153
Fig. 101. Examples of Raised Forms 154
Fig. 102. Pattern of a Raised Form 155
Fig. 103. Candlestick with Raised Projections on Base 156
Fig. 104. Candlestick and Match-Receivers 157
Fig. 105. Detail of Drawer-Pull with Movable Handle 160
Fig. 106. Outline of Plate of Drawer-Pull 161
Fig. 107. Making the Handle of a Drawer-Pull 161
Fig. 108. Drawer-Pulls with Ring Handles 162
Fig. 109. Drawing for a Pull with Scalloped Plate 163
Fig. 110. Drawing for a Hinge, with Method of Forming 164
Fig. 111. Hinges of Various Forms for Furniture, etc. 165
Fig. 112. Door-Keeps and Hinges 169
Fig. 113. Plates for an Outside Door 173
Fig. 114. Drawings for Outside Door-Plates 175
Fig. 115. Method of Making a Door-Plate 177
Fig. 116. Electric Lamp 179
Fig. 117. Drawing for Shade of Electric Lamp 180
Fig. 118. Detail of Electric-Lamp Shade 183
Fig. 119. Detail of Lamp Standard 187
Fig. 120. Riveting the Braces 189
Fig. 121. Lamp with Shade of Twelve Sections 190
Fig. 122. Shade with Drop Sides 191



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